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Pabst Mine Disaster
The Pabst Mine Disaster was an incident that occurred on September 24, 1926 at the Pabst Iron Mine in Ironwood, Michigan, when a mine shaft containing 46 iron ore miners unexpectedly collapsed. 3 miners were killed in the initial collapse, while 43 survivors were left trapped for 129 hours. The subsequent rescue of the trapped miners, with the last miner removed from the rubble at 11:22 p.m on the 5th day, made national headlines in the United States.
==Background==
The Pabst mine, so named because it had once been owned by the Milwaukee brewer Frederick Pabst, who had owned the mining lease briefly in the late 19th century. It had passed through a number of corporate owners before being purchased by the Oliver Iron Mining Company, which became a subsidiary of the United States Steel Corporation in 1901. Three years later, the company added another shaft to the mine, named "G" shaft, which would become one of their most productive. This new shaft was dug on a sixty-four degree incline towards the north, and was by 18 feet 8 inches. It descended nearly through quartz slate and, for safety, its walls were lined with concrete and wood planks held in place with steel. The mine elevator that was installed on rails along one of its walls could travel as fast as per minute.
The area around Ironwood, Michigan had received significant rainfall throughout September, 1926. A source claimed that as much as 11 inches of rain fell in the prelude to the mine disaster on September 24. The rains were so intense that the county fair closed early, a local river flooded, high school football games were canceled, and work had come to a halt on building projects in the area. Some of this rain would likely have run down the mine shaft, and seeped into cracks along the length of the shaft.〔
After the accident, mine employees claimed that there had been a series of problems with the shaft before the collapse. On a number of occasions the mine shaft walls bowed out due to settling in the rock, bending the rails upon which the mine elevator rode. When this happened, the elevator would derail, damaging the steel sets that held the concrete and wood planking that lines the walls in place. Repairs would quickly be done, and the shaft would again enter operation.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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